The IEP Process: Step by Step
Navigating the IEP process can feel overwhelming, but understanding each step makes it easier to advocate for your child.
1. Request an Evaluation
Parents, teachers, or doctors can request a special education evaluation.
The school must complete the evaluation within 60 days (varies by state).
If the school denies the request, they must provide a written explanation.
2. The Evaluation Process
A team of specialists assesses the child’s academic, behavioral, and developmental needs.
Tests may include speech/language assessments, psychological evaluations, or occupational therapy evaluations.
Parents have the right to request an Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE) if they disagree with the school’s assessment.
3. Eligibility Meeting
The IEP team (parents, teachers, special education staff, therapists, administrators) meets to review the evaluation results.
If the child qualifies under one of the 13 IDEA disability categories, the team develops an IEP.
4. Developing the IEP
The IEP outlines:
Present Levels of Performance (PLOP) – How the child is currently performing.
Annual Goals – What the child will work on academically, socially, and behaviorally.
Special Education Services – Support like speech therapy, occupational therapy, or reading interventions.
Accommodations & Modifications – Adjustments like extra test time, quiet spaces, or assistive technology.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) – Ensuring the child learns with peers as much as possible.
5. Parent Review & Consent
Parents must review and sign the IEP before it goes into effect.
You can request changes or additional services before signing.
You do not have to sign at the meeting—take time to review it if needed.
6. Implementing the IEP
The school is legally required to provide the services outlined in the IEP.
The child’s progress is monitored, and parents receive regular updates.
7. Annual Review & Re-Evaluation
The IEP is reviewed at least once a year, but parents can request a meeting anytime if concerns arise.
A full re-evaluation happens every three years to determine if services are still needed.